Connective Tissue Disorders Such as Scleroderma

Scleroderma and other connective tissue diseases affect the nerves and muscles of the esophagus. As a result, the lower esophageal sphincter becomes very lax and lethargic, resulting in increased acid reflux. In addition, the walls of the esophagus and their contractions become weak and ineffective. Thus, any food or acid that refluxes up is not promptly milked back down into the stomach.